ABSTRACT
Objective::To screen out active fraction from Euphorbia fischeriana, separate active components from E. fischeriana and explore structure-activity relationships, in order to analyze and identify chemical compositions of petroleum ether fraction from E. fischerian ethanol extract by ultra-performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole-time-of flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS). Method::The anti-tumor activities of petroleum ether, ethyl acetate, n-butanol and water extracts from E. fischeriana were tested by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium(MTT)method. A variety of modern chromatographic separation methods were used to separate active compounds from petroleum ether layer. Compounds were isolated. Their structures were identified by NMR technique. The structure-activity relationships between anti-tumor activities and structures of compounds were investigated. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technique was used to identify the structures of petroleum ether extract from E. fischeriana. Mass spectrometry was performed in the positive ion mode using ESI ion sources. Result::Six compounds were isolated from petroleum ether fraction. They were jolkinolide A, jolkinolide B, 17-hydroxyjolkinolide A, 17-hydroxyjolkinolide B, euphopilolide and atis-16-en-13(s)-hydroxy-3, 14-dione. A total of 23 peaks were identified based on the comparison of retention times, accurate masses and fragmentation patterns with available standard compounds and literatures. Among them, there were 19 diterpenoids, 2 polyphenols, 1 fatty acid and 1 triterpenoid. Peaks No.18 and No.21 were tentatively identified as new compounds. Conclusion::The petroleum ether fraction showed a potential anti-tumor activity. The structure-activity relationships were discussed. UPLC-Q-TOF-MS technology can be used to quickly and accurately identify the structures, so as to provide a reference for its quality evaluation and active ingredient research.
ABSTRACT
In order to establish a rapid and accurate method for the detection of Ebola virus (EBOV), the primers used in SYBR Green I real-time RT-PCR were designed based on the EBOV NP gene sequences published in GenBank. The SYBR Green I real-time RT-PCR was established and optimized for the detection of EBOV. The EBOV RNA that was transcribed in vitro was used as a template. The sensitivity of this method was found to reach 1.0 x 10(2) copies/microL and the detection range was 10(2) - 10(10). No cross reaction with RNA samples from Marburg virus, Dengue virus, Xinjiang hemorrhagic fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Influenza virus (H1N1 and H3N2) and Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus E genomic RNA was found. The method would be useful for the detection and monitoring of EBOV in China.
Subject(s)
Humans , DNA Primers , Chemistry , Genetics , Ebolavirus , Genetics , Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola , Virology , Organic Chemicals , Chemistry , Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction , MethodsABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the clinical use of virtual endoscopy in the traumatic ossicular chain disruption with intact tympanum pre- and post-operation.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The series consisted of 17 cases with temporal bone fracture and 4 cases with tympanum contusion. All were examinated with a high resolution spiral CT by axial and oblique coronal planes of the temporal bone. Three-dimensional reconstruction was processed using the virtual endoscopy software. Ten cases of traumatic ossicular chain disruption were performed with intact canal wall epitympanum approach Ossicular reposition. Eleven patients with facial paralysis were performed ossiculoplasty and facial nerve decompression. Nine cases re-examinated virtual endoscopy after operation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Seventeen cases with temporal bone fractures and traumatic ossicular chain disruption, including 3 cases with the long process of the incus fracture, 9 cases with incus bone dislocation, and 5 cases with incus shedding. In the 4 cases of tympanum contusion, 2 cases with incus bone dislocation, 2 cases with incus bone shedding. The axial plane of temporal bone CT could only showed the fracture line and the hammer and incus bone irregular shape. Perioperatively virtual endoscopy showed hammer incus joint separation, incus stirrup dislocation and joint deformation. Surgery confirmed that the incus body was torn off below the hammer following bone displacement, soft tissue wrapped articular surface, incus and stapes just connected with soft tissue. During the tympanum contusion operation could see incus bone-shedding was valgus. Three to six months after surgery, re-examinated virtual endoscopy showed incus bone dislocation ossicular chain was restored to normal, temporal bone shedding ossicular chain connecting almost intact Hearing increased significantly to the level of practical hearing. The coincidence of traumatic disruption of the ossicular chain by virtual endoscopy and surgery was 100%.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Virtual endoscopy was valuable for providing accurate assessment and individual program for treating and following-up the traumatic ossicular chain disruption.</p>